Theory of Zipf’s Law and of General Power Law Distributions with Gibrat’s law of Proportional Growth
نویسندگان
چکیده
We summarize a book under publication with the above title written by the three present authors, on the theory of Zipf’s law, and more generally of power laws, driven by the mechanism of proportional growth. The preprint is available upon request from the authors. For clarity, consistence of language and conciseness, we discuss the origin and conditions of the validity of Zipf’s law using the terminology of firms’ asset values. We use firms at the entities whose size distributions are to be explained. It should be noted, however, that most of the relations discussed in this book, especially the intimate connection between Zipf’s and Gilbrat’s laws, underlie Zipf’s law in diverse scientific areas. The same models and variations thereof can be straightforwardly applied to any of the other domains of application. The authors acknowledge helpful discussions and exchanges with Xavier Gabaix. Corresponding author: D. Sornette, Chair of Entrepreneurial Risks ETH Zürich, KPL F 38.2, Kreuzplatz 5, 8032 Zürich , Switzerland. Tel: +41 44 63 28917 , Fax: +41
منابع مشابه
A Comparative Analysis of Gibrat’s and Zipf’s Law on Urban Population
The regional economics and geography literature on urban population size has in recent years shown interesting conceptual and methodological contributions on the validity of Gibrat’s Law and Zipf’s Law. Despite distinct modeling features, they express similar fundamental characteristics in an equilibrium situation. Zipf’s law is formalized in a static form, while its associated dynamic process ...
متن کاملThe Evolution of City Size Distributions
We review the accumulated knowledge on city size distributions and determinants of urban growth. This topic is of interest because of a number of key stylized facts, including notably Zipf’s law for cities (which states that the number of cities of size greater than S is proportional to 1/S) and the importance of urban primacy. We first review the empirical evidence on the upper tail of city si...
متن کاملMore Mechanisms for Generating Power-Law Size Distributions II - Principles of Complex Systems CSYS/MATH 300, Spring, 2013 | #SpringPoCS2013
tem and applications, which form a complex web of interdependencies. A measure of the ‘‘centrality’’ of a given package is the number of other packages that call it in their routine, a measure we refer to as the number of in-directed links or connections that other packages have to a given package. We find that the distribution of in-directed links of packages in successive Debian Linux distrib...
متن کاملPower Laws, Zipf’s Law, and Scaling Laws in Human Language and Music
Power-law distributions have been a paradigm of complex systems for several decades. But it has been only recently that attention has been devoted to the proper fitting and goodness-of-fit testing of these distributions; in particular, Clauset et al.’s method is widely cited in this regard [1]. In the first part of the talk we present evidence that this method fails in some concrete examples of...
متن کاملEmergence of power laws with different power-law exponents from reversal quasi-symmetry and Gibrat’s law
To explore the emergence of power laws in social and economic phenomena, the authors discuss the mechanism whereby reversal quasi-symmetry and Gibrat’s law lead to power laws with different powerlaw exponents. Reversal quasi-symmetry is invariance under the exchange of variables in the joint PDF (probability density function). Gibrat’s law means that the conditional PDF of the exchange rate of ...
متن کامل